Antonio Lima

Lima, António; Lima, Lucinda; Lima, Margarida – “António de Azevedo Lima (1935 – 1990)”, in Guimarães, J. A. Gonçalves (coord.) – Património Cultural de Gaia, vol. 1, Património Humano. Personalidades Gaienses (coord. Gonçalo de Vasconcelos e Sousa), Vila Nova de Gaia, Câmara Municipal, 2018, p. 271.

A B S T R A C T The wide and diverse array of palaeoenvironmental studies that were carried out in Northwestern Iberia indicate that the Bronze Age corresponds to a phase of great landscape changes. Strong deforestation and erosion episodes are key-features and they are usually assumed to be anthropogenic. The archaeological and archaeobotanical records demonstrate that these trends are coincident with modifications on settlement pattern and agricultural systems. This work consists on a thorough revision of carpological data from 19 Bronze Age sites in order to understand agricultural practices in the region in this time period. Results reveal the increasing relevance of Panicum miliaceum and decreasing presence of naked barley which contrast with the previous periods. Carpological remains are not available in Early Bronze Age sites. Middle Bronze Age crops include naked and hulled forms of barley (Hordeum spp.) and wheat (Triticum spp.). Only one site provided occasional grains of Panicum miliaceum. Non-cereal crops are rare and comprise Linum, Papaver, Pisum sativum and Vicia faba. Still, there are few Middle Bronze Age sites with crop macroremains. Late Bronze Age sites with carpological remains of crops are more abundant but no new crop is added. This is the phase when Panicum miliaceum became a conspicuous crop in regional agricultural strategies. Overall, a small diversity of pulses is recorded throughout the Bronze Age, contrasting with other Iberian regions. Acorns (Quercus) are the only wild fruits consistently present in the archaeological sites and they probably had some relevance within the regional subsistence. It was possible to detect changes on settlement and agricultural levels and suggest how these are related to environmental and social changes. It is argued that agricultural productivity increased and pits were the main storage facilities used by Bronze Age communities. Although these structures are abundant in several sites, caution is needed while interpreting them and their fills. Only in one site Freixo remains of crops were found in primary deposition in a storage pit. Increasing agricultural productivity, including functionally diverse winter and spring crops seems to have been connected to settlement diversification. This trend may have led to a more complementary and profuse use of local resources, enhancing the anthropogenic changes in the landscape mentioned above. This was a further step in the territorialisation process that would eventually lead to the complex scenario recorded in the Iron Age. Ramil RegoChange Ramil Rego to Ramil-Rego. Family name composed by 2 names. e , Andrs Teira BrinChange Teira Brión to Teira-Brión f , Ins Lpez-Driga g , Antnio Lima h , Rubim Almeida iChange filiation. Maintain letter i but add letters a and b (P.R. RegoChange Ramil Rego to Ramil-Rego. Family name composed by 2 names.); andresteirabrion@gmail.com (A.T. BrinChange Teira Brión to Teira-Brión); i.lopezdoriga@wessexarch.co.uk (I. Lpez-Driga); amlima@culturanorte.pt (A. Lima); rubim.almeida@fc.up.pt (R. Almeida)

Coordenação: António Lima
Equipa Técnica: António Freitas, António Lima, João Rebuge, Jorge Martins Araújo
Infografia: Anyforms - Design de Comunicação
Edição: Direção Regional de Cultura do Norte / Estação Arqueológica do Freixo, Câmara Municipal de Marco de Canaveses e Escola Profissional de Arqueologia (2015)
Apoios: ON.2 - O Novo Norte / QREN - UE